Archaeological evidence demonstrates that ancient Termez was one of the largest Buddhist centres of Buddhism in Central Asia. During Kushan period there were numerous structures of Buddhist style in the territory of Old Termez. Karatepe was one of the biggest Buddhist monasteries that were built by Kushans. The area of this enormous Buddhist centre is 7 hectares and includes over three dozen of temples of different types. Karatepe was unique in that the majority of the temple complexes comprised both on ground and underground cave constructions. A joint Uzbek-Japan expedition is excavating Karatepe even nowadays. The results of the works were published both in Japan and Uzbekistan.